> Slug note: ressol is not a lamp (in Catalan it is the reflection of the sun or the residue of a liquid). The object is the llum de cresol, which in Mallorca is called llum de cruia or de cruies (also d'encruia).
What is
Oil lamp hanging on a hook. The light of the Mallorcan house before electricity: from the kitchen, from the stable, from the tafona.
How is
- Two square iron saucers (cruies), with the corners stretched into a peak (DCVB, Mall., Men.). One inside the other.
- Cruia de dalt: carries the oil and the ble (wick) supported on a beak; It is ledissa (it is taken out).
- Cruia de baix: collects the dripping oil.
- Ganxo: rod with hook to hang it from the chimney hood or a nail.
- Llum de tafona: a larger cresol to illuminate the night work of the tafoners (Viquipèdia, «Gresol»).
- Unverified measurements.
How is fa
Wrought iron or sheet metal: work of ferrer or llauner ( ferro forjat ). Cotton or thread wick (to verify traditional Mallorcan materials).
Com s'usa
- The upper cruia is filled with cremar oli (the worst quality of the tafona).
- A little bit of ble is taken out through the spout and lit; It cuts out when it smokes.
- Hangs high to distribute light. If the wick hangs too low, it "fails" and smokes (quote from L'Ignorància, DCVB).
- Scenes: evening of the figueraleres in the fig sequer "in the dull clarity of the cruia llum" (Galmés, DCVB).
Vocabulary
- llum de cruia / de cruies — hook lamp (Mall.).
- cruia — each of the two dishes with a beak.
-gresol / cresol — oil container and wick; by extension, the lamp.
- llum de ganxo — general name of the hanging lamp.
- llum de tafona — large oil mill lamp.
- ble — wick.
- oli de cremar — oil for lighting.
- cruia (Llucmajor) — also a square dripper with a spout.
-gresol (Artà) — saucer that collects the wax of a torch.
- «Posing oli in a cresol» — apply a quick and effective remedy.
History
- Middle Ages: «tres coses fan bon lum: oli, meixa e crezol» (Free of three, DCVB).
- 19th-20th century: cruia light in Mallorcan pagès houses (Galmés, Flor de card, cit. DCVB).
- 20th century: oil, carbide and electricity lamps replaced it.
On veure'n
- Museum of Mallorca, ethnological section (Wall) : recreated Mallorcan cuisine (specific piece to be verified).
- Antique markets (loose pieces).
Why is it design
- Double container: nothing is lost; The dripping oil is used again.
- Pico as interface: a stretched corner guides the wick.
- Circular economy of oil: the oli de cremar is the by-product of the tafona ( premsa de biga ).
- Hanging: light from above, without occupying the table, away from children.
For the project
- Piece: contemporary lamp that reinterprets the cruia (two nested trays, hook) with a ferrer from the island.
- Atlas: the oil chain, from the olive to the light.
Frequently asked questions
What is Llum de cresol (llum de cruia)?
> Slug note: ressol is not a lamp (in Catalan it is the reflection of the sun or the residue of a liquid). The object is the llum de cresol, which in…
What are the traditional words for Llum de cresol (llum de cruia)?
Some words: ble, cruia, llum de cruia / de cruies, llum de ganxo, llum de tafona, oli de cremar, «Posing oli in a cresol».
Sources
- dcvb.iec.cat/results.asp?Word=gresol
- dcvb.iec.cat/results.asp?Word=cruia
- dcvb.iec.cat/results.asp?Word=ressol
- ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gresol
Working text from the Disseny Indígena knowledge base, machine-translated from Spanish.