Cup i canyís (trepitjar el raïm)

What is

• Cup: large container, generally made of stone, with crossed horizontal boards, where the grapes are stepped on and the wine is allowed to ferment (DCVB, Cat., Val., Bal.). Originally also made of wooden staves.
• Canyís (Mall.): the floor of mobile boards that rests on crossbars or beams, above the cup, and on which the grapes are stepped on (DCVB, Mall.).

How is

• Cup: deposit of work or stone, inside the cellar of the house.
• Canyís: loose boards on beams; the must falls between them into the cup.
• At the foot, on the outside, the xeta (Inca): pool with a tap that receives the wine (see aixeta ).

How is fa

• Work of stonecutter and trowel; el canyís, by fuster.
• In Mallorca cup also names the conical conduit that carries water to the water mill wheel (DCVB, Mall.; see siquies i molins d'aigua ).

Com s'usa

• The grapes arrive in carriers ; It falls over the canyís and steps on it.
• The must ferments in the cup.
• «Tot d'una qu'es cup es ple, allen sa xeta and pose to fill pots» (Alcover, Rondaies I, 208).

Vocabulary

• cup — winepress.
• canyís (Mall.) — plank floor on the cup.
• trepitjar — step on the grapes.
• xeta — tap/sink of the cup (Inca).
• verema — vintage.
• fucker — trampler (in the inventory of 1388).

History

• 1129: “unum cub et una tonna” (DCVB).
• 1388: "unum cup magnum cum viginti congrenys et suo fuckor" (BSAL, DCVB): wooden cup with twenty rings.
• 19th century: phylloxera reaches Mallorca at the end of the century and sinks the vineyard (exact date, to be verified).
• 20th century: cups abandoned or converted into wineries-restaurants (cellers of Inca and Sineu).

On veure'n

• Traditional Inca and Sineu cellars converted into restaurants (specific pieces, to be verified).
• Possessions with cellar in Raiguer (Binissalem, Santa Maria).

Why is it design

• Machine-architecture: the warehouse is part of the building.
• Soil-filter: the canyís separates tread and must without extra pieces.
• Gravity: grapes above, must below, wine through the xeta.

For the project

• Visit and drawing of a cup with canyís in Raiguer.
• Relationship with the biga press : same logic of gravity in wine and oil.

Sources

• dcvb.iec.cat/results.asp?Word=cup
• dcvb.iec.cat/results.asp?Word=cany%EDs
• dcvb.iec.cat/results.asp?Word=aixeta

Working text from the Disseny Indígena knowledge base, machine-translated from Spanish.

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